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| Product NDC Code | 68382-435 | ||||||
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| Drug Name | Mesalamine |
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| Type | Generic | ||||||
| Pharm Class | Aminosalicylate [EPC], Aminosalicylic Acids [CS] |
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| Active Ingredients |
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| Route | ORAL | ||||||
| Dosage Form | TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE | ||||||
| RxCUI drug identifier | 833234 | ||||||
| Application Number | ANDA203286 | ||||||
| Labeler Name | Zydus Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. | ||||||
| Packages |
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Overdosage of mesalamine
Information about signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings of acute ovedosage and the general principles of overdose treatment.10 OVERDOSAGE Mesalamine is an aminosalicylate, and symptoms of salicylate toxicity include nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, tachypnea, hyperpnea, tinnitus, and neurologic symptoms (headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures). Severe salicylate intoxication may lead to electrolyte and blood pH imbalance and potentially to other organ (e.g., renal and liver) involvement. There is no specific antidote for mesalamine overdose; however, conventional therapy for salicylate toxicity may be beneficial in the event of acute overdosage and may include gastrointestinal tract decontamination to prevent of further absorption. Correct fluid and electrolyte imbalance by the administration of appropriate intravenous therapy and maintain adequate renal function. Mesalamine is a pH dependent delayed-release product and this factor should be considered when treating a suspected overdose.
Adverse reactions
Information about undesirable effects, reasonably associated with use of the drug, that may occur as part of the pharmacological action of the drug or may be unpredictable in its occurrence. Adverse reactions include those that occur with the drug, and if applicable, with drugs in the same pharmacologically active and chemically related class. There is considerable variation in the listing of adverse reactions. They may be categorized by organ system, by severity of reaction, by frequency, by toxicological mechanism, or by a combination of these.6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The most common adverse reactions (≥ 2%) are headache, nausea, nasopharyngitis, abdominal pain, and worsening of ulcerative colitis ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. at 1-877-993-8779, or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. The following serious or clinically significant adverse described elsewhere in labeling are: Renal Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Hepatic Failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Photosensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Mesalamine has been evaluated in 896 patients with ulcerative colitis in controlled studies. Three six-week, active-controlled studies were conducted comparing mesalamine 4.8 grams per day with mesalamine-delayed release tablets 2.4 grams per day in patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. In these studies, 727 patients were dosed with the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg and 732 patients were dosed with mesalamine delayed-release tablets, 400 mg. The most common reactions reported in the mesalamine group were headache (4.7%), nausea (2.8%), nasopharyngitis (2.5%), abdominal pain (2.3%), diarrhea (1.7%), and dyspepsia (1.7%); Table 1 enumerates adverse reactions that occurred in the three studies. The most common reactions in patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis (602 patients dosed with mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg and 618 patients dosed with the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 400 mg) were the same as all treated patients. Discontinuations due to adverse reactions occurred in 3.9% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg group and in 4.2% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 400 mg comparator group. The most common cause for discontinuation was gastrointestinal symptoms associated with ulcerative colitis. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 0.8% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg group and in 1.8% of patients in the mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 400 mg comparator group. The majority involved the gastrointestinal system. Table 1 Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥1% of All Treated Patients (Three studies combined) N = number of patients within specified treatment group Percent = percentage of patients in category and treatment group Adverse Reaction Mesalamine delayed-release 2.4 grams per day (400 mg Tablet) (N = 732) Mesalamine delayed-release 4.8 grams per day (800 mg Tablet) (N = 727) Headache 4.9 % 4.7 % Nausea 2.9 % 2.8 % Nasopharyngitis 1.4 % 2.5 % Abdominal pain 2.3 % 2.3 % Diarrhea 1.9 % 1.7 % Dyspepsia 0.8 % 1.7 % Vomiting 1.6 % 1.4 % Flatulence 0.7 % 1.2 % Influenza 1.2 % 1 % Pyrexia 1.2 % 0.7 % Cough 1.4 % 0.3 % 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg or other mesalamine-containing products or products that are metabolized to mesalamine. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Body as a Whole Facial edema, edema, peripheral edema, asthenia, chills, infection, malaise, pain, neck pain, chest pain, back pain, abdominal enlargement, lupus-like syndrome, drug fever (rare). Cardiovascular Pericarditis (rare) and myocarditis (rare) [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ) ], pericardial effusion, vasodilation, migraine. Endocrine: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Gastrointestinal Dry mouth, stomatitis, oral ulcers, anorexia, increased appetite, eructation, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, gastritis, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal bleeding, perforated peptic ulcer (rare), constipation, hemorrhoids, rectal hemorrhage, bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, stool abnormality. Hepatic There have been rare reports of hepatotoxicity, including jaundice, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, and possible hepatocellular damage including liver necrosis and liver failure. Some of these cases were fatal. Asymptomatic elevations of liver enzymes which usually resolve during continued use or with discontinuation of the drug have also been reported. One case of Kawasaki-like syndrome, that included changes in liver enzymes, was also reported [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. Hematologic Agranulocytosis (rare), aplastic anemia (rare), anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy. Musculoskeletal Gout, rheumatoid arthritis, arthritis, arthralgia, joint disorder, myalgia, hypertonia. Neurological/Psychiatric Anxiety, depression, somnolence, insomnia, nervousness, confusion, emotional lability, dizziness, vertigo, tremor, paresthesia, hyperesthesia, peripheral neuropathy (rare), Guillain-Barre syndrome (rare), and transverse myelitis (rare), and intracranial hypertension. Respiratory/Pulmonary Sinusitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, asthma exacerbation, pleuritis/pleurisy, bronchitis, eosinophilic pneumonia, interstitial pneumonitis. Skin Alopecia, psoriasis (rare), pyoderma gangrenosum (rare), erythema nodosum, acne, dry skin, sweating, pruritus, urticaria, rash, SJS/TEN, DRESS, and AGEP [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] . Special Senses Ear pain, tinnitus, ear congestion, ear disorder, conjunctivitis, eye pain, blurred vision, vision abnormality, taste perversion. Renal/Urogenital Renal failure (rare), interstitial nephritis, minimal change disease, nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.7 )] , dysuria, urinary frequency and urgency, hematuria, epididymitis, decreased libido, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia. Urine discoloration occurring ex-vivo caused by contact of mesalamine, including inactive metabolite, with surfaces or water treated with hypochlorite containing bleach. Laboratory Abnormalities Elevated AST (SGOT) or ALT (SGPT), elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated GGT, elevated LDH, elevated bilirubin, elevated serum creatinine and BUN.
| Headache | 4.9 % | 4.7 % |
| Nausea | 2.9 % | 2.8 % |
| Nasopharyngitis | 1.4 % | 2.5 % |
| Abdominal pain | 2.3 % | 2.3 % |
| Diarrhea | 1.9 % | 1.7 % |
| Dyspepsia | 0.8 % | 1.7 % |
| Vomiting | 1.6 % | 1.4 % |
| Flatulence | 0.7 % | 1.2 % |
| Influenza | 1.2 % | 1 % |
| Pyrexia | 1.2 % | 0.7 % |
| Cough | 1.4 % | 0.3 % |
mesalamine Drug Interactions
Information about and practical guidance on preventing clinically significant drug/drug and drug/food interactions that may occur in people taking the drug.7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Nephrotoxic Agents including NSAIDs : Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions. ( 7.1 ) Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine : Increased risk of blood disorders; monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Nephrotoxic Agents, Including Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs The concurrent use of mesalamine with known nephrotoxic agents, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor patients taking nephrotoxic drugs for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. 7.2 Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine The concurrent use of mesalamine with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine and/or other drugs known to cause myelotoxicity may increase the risk for blood disorders, bone marrow failure, and associated complications. If concomitant use of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg and azathioprine or 6- mercaptopurine cannot be avoided, monitor blood tests, including complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. 7.3 Interference with Urinary Normetanephrine Measurements Use of mesalamine delayed-release tablets may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )]. Consider an alternative, selective assay for normetanephrine.
Clinical pharmacology
Information about the clinical pharmacology and actions of the drug in humans.12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of mesalamine is not fully understood, but appears to be a topical anti-inflammatory effect on colonic epithelial cells. Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase pathways, that is, prostanoids, and through the lipoxygenase pathways, that is, leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption Plasma concentrations of mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid; 5-ASA) and its metabolite, N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid (N-Ac-5-ASA) are highly variable following administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablets. Following single dose oral administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg in healthy subjects (N = 139) under fasted conditions, the mean C max , AUC 8-48h and AUC 0-tldc values were 208 ng/mL, 2296 ng.h/mL, and 2533 ng.h/mL, respectively. The median [range] T max for mesalamine following administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg was approximately 24 hours [4 to 72 hours], reflecting the delayed-release characteristics of the formulation. Based on cumulative urinary recovery of mesalamine and N-Ac-5-ASA from single dose studies in healthy subjects, approximately 20% of the orally administered mesalamine in mesalamine delayed-release tablets is systemically absorbed. Food Effect: A high calorie (800 to 1000 calories), high fat (approximately 50 % of total caloric content) meal increased mesalamine C max by 2.4-fold and mesalamine systemic exposure (AUC 8-48 and AUC 0-tldc ) by 2.8-fold; the median lag-time increased by 8 hours and median t max by 6 hours (from 24 to 30 hours) [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )] . Comparative exposure between one mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg and two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg oral products is unknown [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )]. Elimination Metabolism The absorbed mesalamine is acetylated in the gut mucosal wall and by the liver to N-Ac- 5-ASA. Excretion Absorbed mesalamine is excreted mainly by the kidneys as N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. Unabsorbed mesalamine is excreted in feces.
Mechanism of action
Information about the established mechanism(s) of the drugÕs action in humans at various levels (for example receptor, membrane, tissue, organ, whole body). If the mechanism of action is not known, this field contains a statement about the lack of information.12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of mesalamine is not fully understood, but appears to be a topical anti-inflammatory effect on colonic epithelial cells. Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase pathways, that is, prostanoids, and through the lipoxygenase pathways, that is, leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon.
Pharmacokinetics
Information about the clinically significant pharmacokinetics of a drug or active metabolites, for instance pertinent absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters.12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption Plasma concentrations of mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid; 5-ASA) and its metabolite, N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid (N-Ac-5-ASA) are highly variable following administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablets. Following single dose oral administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg in healthy subjects (N = 139) under fasted conditions, the mean C max , AUC 8-48h and AUC 0-tldc values were 208 ng/mL, 2296 ng.h/mL, and 2533 ng.h/mL, respectively. The median [range] T max for mesalamine following administration of mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg was approximately 24 hours [4 to 72 hours], reflecting the delayed-release characteristics of the formulation. Based on cumulative urinary recovery of mesalamine and N-Ac-5-ASA from single dose studies in healthy subjects, approximately 20% of the orally administered mesalamine in mesalamine delayed-release tablets is systemically absorbed. Food Effect: A high calorie (800 to 1000 calories), high fat (approximately 50 % of total caloric content) meal increased mesalamine C max by 2.4-fold and mesalamine systemic exposure (AUC 8-48 and AUC 0-tldc ) by 2.8-fold; the median lag-time increased by 8 hours and median t max by 6 hours (from 24 to 30 hours) [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )] . Comparative exposure between one mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg and two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg oral products is unknown [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )]. Elimination Metabolism The absorbed mesalamine is acetylated in the gut mucosal wall and by the liver to N-Ac- 5-ASA. Excretion Absorbed mesalamine is excreted mainly by the kidneys as N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. Unabsorbed mesalamine is excreted in feces.
Contraindications
Information about situations in which the drug product is contraindicated or should not be used because the risk of use clearly outweighs any possible benefit, including the type and nature of reactions that have been reported.4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates or to any of the ingredients of mesalamine delayed-release tablets ( 4 , 5.3 ) Mesalamine delayed-release tablets are contraindicated in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates or to any of the ingredients of mesalamine delayed-release tablets [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 ), and Description ( 11 )] .
Description
General information about the drug product, including the proprietary and established name of the drug, the type of dosage form and route of administration to which the label applies, qualitative and quantitative ingredient information, the pharmacologic or therapeutic class of the drug, and the chemical name and structural formula of the drug.11 DESCRIPTION Each mesalamine delayed-release tablet for oral administration contains 800 mg of mesalamine USP, an aminosalicylate. Mesalamine, USP is light tan to pink colored, needle-shaped crystals. Color may darken on exposure to air. It is odorless or may have a slight characteristic odor, slightly soluble in water; very slightly soluble in methanol, in dehydrated alcohol, and in acetone; practically insoluble in n - butyl alcohol, in chloroform, in ether, in ethyl acetate, in n-hexane, in methylene chloride, and in n-propyl alcohol and soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid and in dilute alkali hydroxides. Mesalamine delayed-release tablets 800 mg have single layered coating consisting of an acrylic based resin Eudragit S (methacrylic acid copolymer B, NF), which dissolves at pH 7 or greater, releasing mesalamine for topical anti-inflammatory action in the colon. Mesalamine (also referred to as 5-aminosalicylic acid or 5-ASA) has the chemical name 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and its structural formula is: Each mesalamine delayed-release tablet contains 800 mg of mesalamine. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: acetyltributyl citrate, colloidal silicone dioxide, ferric oxide red, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer type B, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, talc and titanium dioxide. The tablet is printed with opacode black S-1-17823 which contains following ingredients: ammonium hydroxide, butyl alcohol, ferrosoferric oxide, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol and shellac. Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets, USP
Dosage and administration
Information about the drug product’s dosage and administration recommendations, including starting dose, dose range, titration regimens, and any other clinically sigificant information that affects dosing recommendations.2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Important Administration Instructions: Do not substitute one mesalamine delayed-release tablet, 800 mg for two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg oral products. ( 2.1 ) Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets, 800 mg. ( 2.1 , 5.1 ) Take on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before and 2 hours after a meal. ( 2.1 ) Swallow whole; do not cut, break or chew the tablets. ( 2.1 ) Drink an adequate amount of fluids. ( 2.1 , 5.7 ) Treatment of Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis: Recommended dosage is 1600 mg (two 800 mg tablets) three times daily for 6 weeks. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Important Administration Instructions Do not substitute one mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg for two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg oral products [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )]. Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets. Take mesalamine delayed-release tablets on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before and 2 hours after a meal [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Swallow mesalamine delayed-release tablets whole. Do not cut, break or chew the tablets. Drink an adequate amount of fluids [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )]. Intact, partially intact, and/or tablet shells have been reported in the stool; Instruct patients to contact their healthcare provider if this occurs repeatedly. Protect mesalamine delayed-release tablets from moisture. 2.2 Dosage Information For the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis, the recommended dosage of mesalamine delayed-release tablets in adults is 1600 mg (two 800 mg tablets) three times daily (total daily dosage of 4.8 grams) for a duration of 6 weeks.
Dosage forms and strengths
Information about all available dosage forms and strengths for the drug product to which the labeling applies. This field may contain descriptions of product appearance.3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Delayed-release tablets: 800 mg ( 3 ) Mesalamine delayed-release tablets are available as reddish-brown colored, capsule-shaped, biconvex, enteric coated tablets imprinted with "435" on one side and plain on other side.
Indications and usage
A statement of each of the drug products indications for use, such as for the treatment, prevention, mitigation, cure, or diagnosis of a disease or condition, or of a manifestation of a recognized disease or condition, or for the relief of symptoms associated with a recognized disease or condition. This field may also describe any relevant limitations of use.1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Mesalamine delayed-release tablets are aminosalicylate indicated for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis in adults. ( 1 ) Limitation of Use: Safety and effectiveness of mesalamine delayed-release tablets beyond 6 weeks have not been established ( 1 ) Mesalamine delayed-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis in adults. Limitations of Use: Safety and effectiveness of mesalamine delayed-release tablets beyond 6 weeks have not been established.
Spl product data elements
Usually a list of ingredients in a drug product.mesalamine mesalamine MESALAMINE MESALAMINE ACETYLTRIBUTYL CITRATE SILICON DIOXIDE FERRIC OXIDE RED MAGNESIUM STEARATE METHACRYLIC ACID CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE POVIDONE SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE TYPE A POTATO TALC TITANIUM DIOXIDE FERROSOFERRIC OXIDE ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL BUTYL ALCOHOL PROPYLENE GLYCOL AMMONIA SHELLAC REDDISH-BROWN CAPSULE 435
Animal pharmacology and or toxicology
Information from studies of the drug in animals, if the data were not relevant to nor included in other parts of the labeling. Most labels do not contain this field.13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology In animal studies (rats, mice, dogs), the kidney was the principal organ for toxicity. (In the following, comparisons of animal dosing to recommended human dosing are based on body surface area and a 4.8 grams per day dose for a 60 kg person). Mesalamine causes renal papillary necrosis in rats at single doses of approximately 750 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg (1.5 to 2.0 times the recommended human dose). Doses of 170 and 360 mg/kg/day (about 0.3 and 0.73 times the recommended human dose) given to rats for six months produced papillary necrosis, papillary edema, tubular degeneration, tubular mineralization, and urothelial hyperplasia. In mice, oral doses of 4000 mg/kg/day (approximately 4.1 times the recommended human dose) for three months produced tubular nephrosis, multifocal/diffuse tubulo-interstitial inflammation, and multifocal/diffuse papillary necrosis. In dogs, single doses of 6000 mg (approximately 6.25 times the recommended human dose) of delayed-release mesalamine tablets resulted in renal papillary necrosis but were not fatal. Renal changes have occurred in dogs given chronic administration of mesalamine at doses of 80 mg/kg/day (0.5 times the recommended human dose).
Carcinogenesis and mutagenesis and impairment of fertility
Information about carcinogenic, mutagenic, or fertility impairment potential revealed by studies in animals. Information from human data about such potential is part of the warnings field.13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Dietary mesalamine was not carcinogenic in rats at doses as high as 480 mg/kg/day, or in mice at 2000 mg/kg/day. These doses are approximately 0.97 and 2.0 times the 4.8 grams per day mesalamine delayed-release tablets dose (based on body surface area). Mesalamine was not genotoxic in the Ames test, the Chinese hamster ovary cell chromosomal aberration assay, and the mouse micronucleus test. Mesalamine, at oral doses up to 480 mg/kg/day (about 0.97 times the recommended human treatment dose based on body surface area), was found to have no effect on fertility or reproductive performance of male and female rats.
Nonclinical toxicology
Information about toxicology in non-human subjects.13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Dietary mesalamine was not carcinogenic in rats at doses as high as 480 mg/kg/day, or in mice at 2000 mg/kg/day. These doses are approximately 0.97 and 2.0 times the 4.8 grams per day mesalamine delayed-release tablets dose (based on body surface area). Mesalamine was not genotoxic in the Ames test, the Chinese hamster ovary cell chromosomal aberration assay, and the mouse micronucleus test. Mesalamine, at oral doses up to 480 mg/kg/day (about 0.97 times the recommended human treatment dose based on body surface area), was found to have no effect on fertility or reproductive performance of male and female rats. 13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology In animal studies (rats, mice, dogs), the kidney was the principal organ for toxicity. (In the following, comparisons of animal dosing to recommended human dosing are based on body surface area and a 4.8 grams per day dose for a 60 kg person). Mesalamine causes renal papillary necrosis in rats at single doses of approximately 750 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg (1.5 to 2.0 times the recommended human dose). Doses of 170 and 360 mg/kg/day (about 0.3 and 0.73 times the recommended human dose) given to rats for six months produced papillary necrosis, papillary edema, tubular degeneration, tubular mineralization, and urothelial hyperplasia. In mice, oral doses of 4000 mg/kg/day (approximately 4.1 times the recommended human dose) for three months produced tubular nephrosis, multifocal/diffuse tubulo-interstitial inflammation, and multifocal/diffuse papillary necrosis. In dogs, single doses of 6000 mg (approximately 6.25 times the recommended human dose) of delayed-release mesalamine tablets resulted in renal papillary necrosis but were not fatal. Renal changes have occurred in dogs given chronic administration of mesalamine at doses of 80 mg/kg/day (0.5 times the recommended human dose).
Package label principal display panel
The content of the principal display panel of the product package, usually including the product’s name, dosage forms, and other key information about the drug product.PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 68382-435-28 in bottle of 180 tablets Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets USP, 800 mg R x only 180 tablets ZYDUS Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets USP, 800 mg
Recent major changes
A list of the section(s) that contain substantive changes that have been approved by FDA in the product labeling. The headings and subheadings, if appropriate, affected by the change are listed together with each section’s identifying number and the month and year on which the change was incorporated in the labeling.RECENT MAJOR CHANGES Warnings and Precautions Renal Impairment ( 5.1 ) 11/2022
| Warnings and Precautions | |
| Renal Impairment ( | 11/2022 |
Spl unclassified section
Information not classified as belonging to one of the other fields. Approximately 40% of labeling with effective_time between June 2009 and August 2014 have information in this field.Manufactured by: Zydus Lifesciences Ltd. Ahmedabad, India Distributed by: Zydus Pharmaceuticals (USA) Inc. Pennington, NJ 08534 Rev.: 08/23
mesalamine: Information for patients
Information necessary for patients to use the drug safely and effectively, such as precautions concerning driving or the concomitant use of other substances that may have harmful additive effects.17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Administration [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )] Inform patients that if they are switching from a previous oral mesalamine therapy to mesalamine delayed-release tablets to discontinue their previous oral mesalamine therapy and follow the dosing instructions for mesalamine delayed-release tablets. One mesalamine delayed-release tablet 800 mg is not substitutable for two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg oral products. Inform patients to take mesalamine delayed-release tablets on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before and 2 hours after a meal. Instruct patients to swallow the mesalamine delayed-release tablets whole, taking care not to break, cut, or chew the tablets, because the coating is an important part of the delayed-release formulation. Drink an adequate amount of fluids. Inform patients that intact, partially intact, and/or tablet shells have been reported in the stool. Instruct patients to contact their healthcare provider if this occurs repeatedly. Instruct patients to protect mesalamine delayed-release tablets from moisture. Renal Impairment Inform patients that mesalamine delayed-release tablets may decrease their renal function, especially if they have known renal impairment or are taking nephrotoxic drugs, including NSAIDS and periodic monitoring of renal function will be performed while they are on therapy. Advise patients to complete all blood tests ordered by their healthcare provider [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] . Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome and Other Hypersensitivity Reactions Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions. Instruct patients to stop taking mesalamine delayed-release tablets and report to their healthcare provider if they experience new or worsening symptoms of Acute Intolerance Syndrome (cramping, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, headache, malaise, conjunctivitis and rash) or other symptoms suggestive of mesalamine-induced hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 , 5.3 )]. Hepatic Failure Inform patients with known liver disease of the signs and symptoms of worsening liver function and advise them to report to their healthcare provider if they experience such signs or symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Instruct patients to stop taking mesalamine delayed-release tablets and report to their healthcare provider at first appearance of a severe cutaneous adverse reaction or other sign of hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] . Photosensitivity Advise patients with pre-existing skin conditions to avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen when outdoors [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )]. Nephrolithiasis Instruct patients to maintain an adequate fluid intake in order to minimize the risk of kidney stone formation and to contact their healthcare provider if they experience signs or symptoms of a kidney stone (e.g., severe side or back pain, blood in the urine) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )]. Blood Disorders Inform elderly patients and those taking azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine of the risk for blood disorders and the need for periodic monitoring of complete blood cell counts and platelet counts while on therapy. Advise patients to complete all blood tests ordered by their healthcare provider [see Drug Interactions ( 7.2 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.5 )] . Urine Discoloration Advise patients that urine may become discolored reddish-brown while taking Mesalamine Delayed-Release Tablets when it comes in contact with surfaces or water treated with hypochlorite-containing bleach. If discolored urine is observed, advise patients to observe their urine flow. Report to the healthcare provider only if urine is discolored on leaving the body, before contact with any surface or water (e.g., in the toilet). Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Clinical studies
This field may contain references to clinical studies in place of detailed discussion in other sections of the labeling.14 CLINICAL STUDIES The efficacy of mesalamine delayed-release tablets at 4.8 grams per day was studied in a six-week, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study in 772 patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis (UC). Moderately active UC was defined as a Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score of 2; the PGA is a four-point scale (0 to 3) that encompasses the clinical assessments of rectal bleeding, stool frequency, and sigmoidoscopy findings. Patients were randomized 1:1 to the mesalamine delayed-release tablets 4.8 grams per day group (two mesalamine delayed-release tablets three times a day) or the mesalamine delayed-release 2.4 grams per day group (two mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg tablets three times a day). Patients characteristically had a history of previous use of oral 5-ASAs (86%), steroids (41%), and rectal therapies (49%), and demonstrated clinical symptoms of three or more stools over normal per day (87%) and obvious blood in the stool most or all of the time (70%). The study population was primarily Caucasian (97%), had a mean age of 43 years (8% aged 65 years or older), and included slightly more males (56%) than females (44%). The primary endpoint was treatment success defined as improvement from baseline to Week 6 based on the PGA. Treatment success rates were similar in the two groups: 70% in the mesalamine group and 66% in the mesalamine delayed-release 400 mg tablets group (difference: 5%; 95% CI: [-1.9%, 11.2%]). A second controlled study supported the efficacy of mesalamine at 4.8 grams per day. Treatment success was 72% in patients with moderately active UC treated with mesalamine.
Geriatric use
Information about any limitations on any geriatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in the geriatric population.8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical studies of mesalamine delayed-release tablets did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. Reports from uncontrolled clinical studies and postmarketing reporting systems suggested a higher incidence of blood dyscrasias (i.e., agranulocytosis, neutropenia, and pancytopenia) in patients who were 65 years or older compared to younger patients taking mesalamine containing products such as mesalamine delayed-release tablets, 800 mg. Monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts in elderly patients during therapy with mesalamine delayed-release tablets. In general, consider the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy in elderly patients when prescribing mesalamine delayed-release tablets [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )] .
Pediatric use
Information about any limitations on any pediatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in any subsets of the pediatric population (such as neonates, infants, children, or adolescents), differences between pediatric and adult responses to the drug, and other information related to the safe and effective pediatric use of the drug.8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness of mesalamine in pediatric patients have not been established. See the prescribing information for other approved mesalamine products for the safety and effectiveness of these products in pediatric patients.
Pregnancy
Information about effects the drug may have on pregnant women or on a fetus. This field may be ommitted if the drug is not absorbed systemically and the drug is not known to have a potential for indirect harm to the fetus. It may contain information about the established pregnancy category classification for the drug. (That information is nominally listed in the teratogenic_effects field, but may be listed here instead.)8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Limited published data on mesalamine use in pregnant women are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk. No fetal harm was observed in animal reproduction studies of mesalamine in rats and rabbits at oral doses approximately 0.97 times (rat) and 1.95 times (rabbit) the recommended human dose [see Data ]. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Reproduction studies with mesalamine were performed during organogenesis in rats and rabbits at oral doses up to 480 mg/kg/day. There was no evidence of harm to the fetus. These mesalamine doses were about 0.97 times (rat) and 1.95 times (rabbit) the recommended human dose of 4.8 grams per day, based on body surface area.
Use in specific populations
Information about use of the drug by patients in specific populations, including pregnant women and nursing mothers, pediatric patients, and geriatric patients.8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Geriatric Patients: Increased risk of blood dyscrasias; monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts ( 8.5 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Limited published data on mesalamine use in pregnant women are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk. No fetal harm was observed in animal reproduction studies of mesalamine in rats and rabbits at oral doses approximately 0.97 times (rat) and 1.95 times (rabbit) the recommended human dose [see Data ]. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Reproduction studies with mesalamine were performed during organogenesis in rats and rabbits at oral doses up to 480 mg/kg/day. There was no evidence of harm to the fetus. These mesalamine doses were about 0.97 times (rat) and 1.95 times (rabbit) the recommended human dose of 4.8 grams per day, based on body surface area. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Mesalamine and its N-acetyl metabolite are present in human milk in undetectable to small amounts [ see Data ]. There are limited reports of diarrhea in breastfed infants. There is no information on the effects of the drug on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for mesalamine and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from the drug or from the underlying maternal condition. Clinical Considerations Monitor breastfed infants for diarrhea. Data Human Data In published lactation studies, maternal mesalamine doses from various oral and rectal formulations and products ranged from 500 mg to 3 g daily. The concentration of mesalamine in milk ranged from non-detectable to 0.11 mg/L. The concentration of the Nacetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid metabolite ranged from 5 to 18.1 mg/L. Based on these concentrations, estimated infant daily dosages for an exclusively breastfed infant are 0 to 0.017 mg/kg/day of mesalamine and 0.75 to 2.72 mg/kg/day of N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. 8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness of mesalamine in pediatric patients have not been established. See the prescribing information for other approved mesalamine products for the safety and effectiveness of these products in pediatric patients. 8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical studies of mesalamine delayed-release tablets did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. Reports from uncontrolled clinical studies and postmarketing reporting systems suggested a higher incidence of blood dyscrasias (i.e., agranulocytosis, neutropenia, and pancytopenia) in patients who were 65 years or older compared to younger patients taking mesalamine containing products such as mesalamine delayed-release tablets, 800 mg. Monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts in elderly patients during therapy with mesalamine delayed-release tablets. In general, consider the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy in elderly patients when prescribing mesalamine delayed-release tablets [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )] . 8.6 Renal Impairment Mesalamine is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Evaluate renal function in all patients prior to initiation and periodically while on mesalamine delayed-release tablets therapy. Monitor patients with known renal impairment or history of renal disease or taking nephrotoxic drugs for decreased renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions. Discontinue mesalamine if renal function deteriorates while on therapy [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Drug Interactions ( 7.1 ) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.2 ) ].
How supplied
Information about the available dosage forms to which the labeling applies, and for which the manufacturer or distributor is responsible. This field ordinarily includes the strength of the dosage form (in metric units), the units in which the dosage form is available for prescribing, appropriate information to facilitate identification of the dosage forms (such as shape, color, coating, scoring, and National Drug Code), and special handling and storage condition information.16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Mesalamine Delayed-release Tablets, USP 800 mg are reddish-brown colored, capsule-shaped, biconvex, enteric coated tablets, imprinted with "435" on one side and plain on other side and are supplied as follows: NDC 68382-435-28 in bottles of 180 tablets NDC 68382-435-77 in cartons of 100 tablets (10 x 10 unit-dose) Storage Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Protect from moisture. Tablets can be dispensed without desiccant for up to 6 weeks.
Disclaimer: Do not rely on openFDA or Phanrmacy Near Me to make decisions regarding medical care. While we make every effort to ensure that data is accurate, you should assume all results are unvalidated. Source: OpenFDA, Healthporta Drugs API