Save up to 80% by drug discount in your pharmacy with "Pharmacy Near Me - National Drug Discount Card"
You can scan QR Code(just open camera on your phone/scan by application) from the image on prescription drug discount card to save it to your mobile phone. Or just click on image if you're on mobile phone.
| Product NDC Code | 45802-929 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug Name | Mesalamine |
||||
| Type | Generic | ||||
| Dosage Form | KIT | ||||
| RxCUI drug identifier | 238151 | ||||
| Application Number | ANDA076751 | ||||
| Labeler Name | Padagis Israel Pharmaceuticals Ltd | ||||
| Packages |
|
||||
| Check if available Online | Get Medication Prices online with Discount |
Overdosage of Mesalamine
Information about signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings of acute ovedosage and the general principles of overdose treatment.10 OVERDOSAGE Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is an aminosalicylate, and symptoms of salicylate toxicity include nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, tachypnea, hyperpnea, tinnitus, and neurologic symptoms (headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures). Severe salicylate intoxication may lead to electrolyte and blood pH imbalance and potentially to other organ (e.g., renal and liver) involvement. There is no specific antidote for mesalamine overdose; however, conventional therapy for salicylate toxicity may be beneficial in the event of acute overdosage and may include gastrointestinal tract decontamination to prevent further absorption. Correct fluid and electrolyte imbalance by the administration of appropriate intravenous therapy and maintain adequate renal function.
Adverse reactions
Information about undesirable effects, reasonably associated with use of the drug, that may occur as part of the pharmacological action of the drug or may be unpredictable in its occurrence. Adverse reactions include those that occur with the drug, and if applicable, with drugs in the same pharmacologically active and chemically related class. There is considerable variation in the listing of adverse reactions. They may be categorized by organ system, by severity of reaction, by frequency, by toxicological mechanism, or by a combination of these.6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: • Hypersensitivity reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] • Renal impairment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] • Mesalamine-induced acute intolerance syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] • Hepatic failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] • Severe cutaneous adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] • Photosensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] • Nephrolithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Most common adverse reactions (≥1%) are: gas/flatulence, flu, fever, leg/joint pain, hemorrhoids, rectal pain and hair loss. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Padagis ® at 1-866-634-9120 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Table 1: Adverse Reactions* in Clinical Trials of Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema in Adult Patients with Ulcerative Colitis, Proctosigmoiditis or Proctitis Adverse Reaction Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema (N=815) % Placebo (N=128) % Gas/Flatulence 6 4 Flu 5 1 Fever 3 0 Leg/Joint pain 2 1 Hemorrhoids 1 1 Rectal pain 1 0 Hair loss 1 0 *reported in 1% or more of mesalamine rectal suspension enema-treated patients and greater than placebo 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of mesalamine. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Cardiac Disorders: myocarditis, pericarditis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Gastrointestinal Disorders: pancreatitis Hematologic Disorders: agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, eosinophilia, leukopenia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia Hepatic Disorders: elevated liver enzymes, hepatic failure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Nervous System: intracranial hypertension Renal and Urinary Disorders: acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, interstitial nephritis, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, nephrolithiasis, nephrotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 ), ( 5.7 )] • Urine discoloration occurring ex-vivo caused by contact of mesalamine including inactive metabolite, with surfaces or water treated with hypochlorite-containing bleach Reproductive System and Breast Disorders: reversible oligospermia Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders: fibrosing alveolitis, pleurisy/pleuritis Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: AGEP, DRESS, SJS/TEN [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )]
Mesalamine Drug Interactions
Information about and practical guidance on preventing clinically significant drug/drug and drug/food interactions that may occur in people taking the drug.7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • Nephrotoxic Agents including Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Increased risk of nephrotoxicity; monitor for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions. ( 7.1 ) • Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine: Increased risk of blood dyscrasias; monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Nephrotoxic Agents, Including Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs The concurrent use of mesalamine with known nephrotoxic agents, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity. Monitor patients taking nephrotoxic drugs for changes in renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] . 7.2 Azathioprine or 6-Mercaptopurine The concurrent use of mesalamine with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine and/or any other drugs known to cause myelotoxicity may increase the risk for blood disorders, bone marrow failure, and associated complications. If concomitant use of mesalamine rectal suspension enema and azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine cannot be avoided, monitor blood tests, including complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. 7.3 Interference with Urinary Normetanephrine Measurements Use of mesalamine rectal suspension enema may lead to spuriously elevated test results when measuring urinary normetanephrine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . Consider an alternative, selective assay for normetanephrine.
Clinical pharmacology
Information about the clinical pharmacology and actions of the drug in humans.12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of 5-ASA (mesalamine) is not fully understood, but appears to be a topical anti-inflammatory effect on colonic epithelial cells. Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase pathways (i.e., prostanoids), and through the lipoxygenase pathways (i.e., leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids) is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics The exposure-response relationship and time course of pharmacodynamic response for the safety and effectiveness of mesalamine have not been fully characterized. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption Mesalamine administered rectally as mesalamine rectal suspension enema is poorly absorbed from the colon and is excreted principally in the feces during subsequent bowel movements. The extent of absorption is dependent upon the retention time of the drug product, and there is considerable individual variation. Under clinical conditions patients demonstrated plasma levels 10 to 12 hours post mesalamine administration of 2 mcg/mL, about two-thirds of which was the N-acetyl metabolite. In addition, steady state plasma levels demonstrated a lack of accumulation of either parent drug or N-acetyl metabolite during repeated daily rectal administrations. Distribution Other than the kidney, the organ distribution and other bioavailability characteristics of absorbed mesalamine in man are not known. The poor colonic absorption of rectally administered mesalamine is substantiated by the low serum concentration of 5-ASA and N-acetyl-5-ASA seen in ulcerative colitis patients after dosage with mesalamine. Elimination Metabolism It is known that the compound undergoes acetylation but whether this process takes place at colonic or systemic sites has not been elucidated. Excretion Whatever the metabolic site, most of the absorbed mesalamine is excreted in the urine as the N-acetyl-5-ASA metabolite. At steady state, approximately 10 to 30% of the daily 4-gram dose can be recovered in cumulative 24-hour urine collections. While the elimination half-life of mesalamine is short (0.5 to 1.5 hours), the acetylated metabolite exhibits a half-life of 5 to 10 hours.
Mechanism of action
Information about the established mechanism(s) of the drugÕs action in humans at various levels (for example receptor, membrane, tissue, organ, whole body). If the mechanism of action is not known, this field contains a statement about the lack of information.12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of action of 5-ASA (mesalamine) is not fully understood, but appears to be a topical anti-inflammatory effect on colonic epithelial cells. Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase pathways (i.e., prostanoids), and through the lipoxygenase pathways (i.e., leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids) is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon.
Pharmacodynamics
Information about any biochemical or physiologic pharmacologic effects of the drug or active metabolites related to the drugÕs clinical effect in preventing, diagnosing, mitigating, curing, or treating disease, or those related to adverse effects or toxicity.12.2 Pharmacodynamics The exposure-response relationship and time course of pharmacodynamic response for the safety and effectiveness of mesalamine have not been fully characterized.
Pharmacokinetics
Information about the clinically significant pharmacokinetics of a drug or active metabolites, for instance pertinent absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters.12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption Mesalamine administered rectally as mesalamine rectal suspension enema is poorly absorbed from the colon and is excreted principally in the feces during subsequent bowel movements. The extent of absorption is dependent upon the retention time of the drug product, and there is considerable individual variation. Under clinical conditions patients demonstrated plasma levels 10 to 12 hours post mesalamine administration of 2 mcg/mL, about two-thirds of which was the N-acetyl metabolite. In addition, steady state plasma levels demonstrated a lack of accumulation of either parent drug or N-acetyl metabolite during repeated daily rectal administrations. Distribution Other than the kidney, the organ distribution and other bioavailability characteristics of absorbed mesalamine in man are not known. The poor colonic absorption of rectally administered mesalamine is substantiated by the low serum concentration of 5-ASA and N-acetyl-5-ASA seen in ulcerative colitis patients after dosage with mesalamine. Elimination Metabolism It is known that the compound undergoes acetylation but whether this process takes place at colonic or systemic sites has not been elucidated. Excretion Whatever the metabolic site, most of the absorbed mesalamine is excreted in the urine as the N-acetyl-5-ASA metabolite. At steady state, approximately 10 to 30% of the daily 4-gram dose can be recovered in cumulative 24-hour urine collections. While the elimination half-life of mesalamine is short (0.5 to 1.5 hours), the acetylated metabolite exhibits a half-life of 5 to 10 hours.
Contraindications
Information about situations in which the drug product is contraindicated or should not be used because the risk of use clearly outweighs any possible benefit, including the type and nature of reactions that have been reported.4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is contraindicated in patients with known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates, aminosalicylates, sulfites or any other component of this medication [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] . Known or suspected hypersensitivity to salicylates, aminosalicylates, sulfites or any other of the ingredients in mesalamine rectal suspension enema. ( 4 , 5.1 )
Description
General information about the drug product, including the proprietary and established name of the drug, the type of dosage form and route of administration to which the label applies, qualitative and quantitative ingredient information, the pharmacologic or therapeutic class of the drug, and the chemical name and structural formula of the drug.11 DESCRIPTION The active ingredient in Mesalamine Rectal Suspension, USP Enema, a disposable (60 mL) unit, is mesalamine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Chemically, mesalamine is 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid. The empirical formula is C 7 H 7 NO 3 , representing a molecular weight of 153.14. The structural formula is: Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is supplied as a suspension for rectal administration. Each rectal suspension enema unit contains 4 grams of mesalamine. The inactive ingredients are carbomer 974P, edetate disodium, potassium acetate, potassium metabisulfite, purified water and xanthan gum. Sodium benzoate is added as a preservative. The disposable unit consists of an applicator tip protected by a polyethylene cover and lubricated with USP white petrolatum. The unit has a one-way valve to prevent back flow of the dispensed product. Structural Formula Image
Dosage and administration
Information about the drug product’s dosage and administration recommendations, including starting dose, dose range, titration regimens, and any other clinically sigificant information that affects dosing recommendations.2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Evaluate renal function before initiating therapy with mesalamine rectal suspension enema [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Recommended Dosage The recommended dosage is one rectal instillation (4 grams) once a day, preferably at bedtime, and retained for approximately eight hours for 3 to 6 weeks depending on symptoms and sigmoidoscopic findings. Administration Instructions • Shake the bottle to ensure the suspension is homogeneous. • Remove the protective sheath from the applicator tip. • Assume the correct body position: ° Lie on the left side with the lower leg extended and the upper right leg flexed forward for balance. ° Alternatively, sit in the knee to chest position. • Gently insert the applicator tip in the rectum pointing toward the umbilicus. • Steadily squeeze the bottle to discharge the medication. • Remain in the position for at least 30 minutes. Administer at bedtime with the objective of retaining it all night. • Drink an adequate amount of fluids during treatment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] . • Evaluate renal function prior to initiation of mesalamine rectal suspension enema and periodically while on therapy. ( 2 , 5.1 ) • The recommended dosage is one rectal instillation (4 grams) once a day, preferably at bedtime, and retained for approximately eight hours for 3 to 6 weeks depending on symptoms and sigmoidoscopic findings. ( 2 ) • Drink an adequate amount of fluids. ( 2 , 5.7 )
Dosage forms and strengths
Information about all available dosage forms and strengths for the drug product to which the labeling applies. This field may contain descriptions of product appearance.3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Rectal Suspension: 4 g/60 mL enema bottle; off-white to tan colored suspension Rectal Suspension: 4 g/60 mL enema bottle ( 3 )
Indications and usage
A statement of each of the drug products indications for use, such as for the treatment, prevention, mitigation, cure, or diagnosis of a disease or condition, or of a manifestation of a recognized disease or condition, or for the relief of symptoms associated with a recognized disease or condition. This field may also describe any relevant limitations of use.1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is indicated for the treatment of active mild to moderate distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis or proctitis in adults. Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is an aminosalicylate indicated for treatment of active mild to moderate distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis or proctitis in adults. ( 1 )
Spl product data elements
Usually a list of ingredients in a drug product.Mesalamine Mesalamine Mesalamine Mesalamine MESALAMINE MESALAMINE CARBOMER HOMOPOLYMER TYPE B (ALLYL PENTAERYTHRITOL OR ALLYL SUCROSE CROSSLINKED) EDETATE DISODIUM POTASSIUM ACETATE POTASSIUM METABISULFITE WATER XANTHAN GUM SODIUM BENZOATE off white to tan Cleansing Wipes wipes BENZOIC ACID LEVOMENOL BUTYLENE GLYCOL BUTYLPARABEN CARAMEL DEHYDROACETIC ACID DEXPANTHENOL DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER ETHYLPARABEN DEXTROSE, UNSPECIFIED FORM ISOBUTYLPARABEN LACTIC ACID, UNSPECIFIED FORM METHYLPARABEN PHENOXYETHANOL POTASSIUM SORBATE PROPYLENE GLYCOL PROPYLPARABEN SODIUM BENZOATE WATER
Animal pharmacology and or toxicology
Information from studies of the drug in animals, if the data were not relevant to nor included in other parts of the labeling. Most labels do not contain this field.13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology Preclinical studies have shown the kidney to be the major target organ for mesalamine toxicity. Adverse renal function changes were observed in rats after a single 600 mg/kg oral dose, but not after a 200 mg/kg dose. Gross kidney lesions, including papillary necrosis, were observed after a single oral >900 mg/kg dose, and after I.V. doses of >214 mg/kg. Mice responded similarly. In a 13-week oral (gavage) dose study in rats, the high dose of 640 mg/kg/day mesalamine caused deaths, probably due to renal failure, and dose-related renal lesions (papillary necrosis and/or multifocal tubular injury) were seen in most rats given the high dose (males and females) as well as in males receiving lower doses 160 mg/kg/day. Renal lesions were not observed in the 160 mg/kg/day female rats. Minimal tubular epithelial damage was seen in the 40 mg/kg/day males and was reversible. In a six-month oral study in dogs, the no-observable dose level of mesalamine was 40 mg/kg/day and doses of 80 mg/kg/day and higher caused renal pathology similar to that described for the rat. In a combined 52-week toxicity and 127-week carcinogenicity study in rats, degeneration in kidneys was observed at doses of 100 mg/kg/day and above admixed with diet for 52 weeks, and at 127 weeks increased incidence of kidney degeneration and hyalinization of basement membranes and Bowman's capsule were seen at 100 mg/kg/day and above. In the 12-month eye toxicity study in dogs, Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) occurred at oral doses of 40 mg/kg/day and above. The oral preclinical studies were done with a highly bioavailable suspension where absorption throughout the gastrointestinal tract occurred.
Carcinogenesis and mutagenesis and impairment of fertility
Information about carcinogenic, mutagenic, or fertility impairment potential revealed by studies in animals. Information from human data about such potential is part of the warnings field.13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in Wistar rats fed up to 320 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.78 times the maximum recommended human dose, based on a body surface area comparison) of mesalamine admixed with diet, mesalamine did not cause an increase in the incidence of neoplastic lesions over controls. Mutagenesis Mesalamine is not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538. There were no reverse mutations in an assay using E. coli strain WP2UVRA. There were no evidence of genotoxicity in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay at 600 mg/kg and in an in vivo sister chromatid exchange assay at doses up to 610 mg/kg. Impairment of Fertility Mesalamine had no effects on fertility in rats at doses up to 320 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.78 times the maximum recommended human dose, based on a body surface area comparison).
Nonclinical toxicology
Information about toxicology in non-human subjects.13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in Wistar rats fed up to 320 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.78 times the maximum recommended human dose, based on a body surface area comparison) of mesalamine admixed with diet, mesalamine did not cause an increase in the incidence of neoplastic lesions over controls. Mutagenesis Mesalamine is not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538. There were no reverse mutations in an assay using E. coli strain WP2UVRA. There were no evidence of genotoxicity in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay at 600 mg/kg and in an in vivo sister chromatid exchange assay at doses up to 610 mg/kg. Impairment of Fertility Mesalamine had no effects on fertility in rats at doses up to 320 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.78 times the maximum recommended human dose, based on a body surface area comparison). 13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology Preclinical studies have shown the kidney to be the major target organ for mesalamine toxicity. Adverse renal function changes were observed in rats after a single 600 mg/kg oral dose, but not after a 200 mg/kg dose. Gross kidney lesions, including papillary necrosis, were observed after a single oral >900 mg/kg dose, and after I.V. doses of >214 mg/kg. Mice responded similarly. In a 13-week oral (gavage) dose study in rats, the high dose of 640 mg/kg/day mesalamine caused deaths, probably due to renal failure, and dose-related renal lesions (papillary necrosis and/or multifocal tubular injury) were seen in most rats given the high dose (males and females) as well as in males receiving lower doses 160 mg/kg/day. Renal lesions were not observed in the 160 mg/kg/day female rats. Minimal tubular epithelial damage was seen in the 40 mg/kg/day males and was reversible. In a six-month oral study in dogs, the no-observable dose level of mesalamine was 40 mg/kg/day and doses of 80 mg/kg/day and higher caused renal pathology similar to that described for the rat. In a combined 52-week toxicity and 127-week carcinogenicity study in rats, degeneration in kidneys was observed at doses of 100 mg/kg/day and above admixed with diet for 52 weeks, and at 127 weeks increased incidence of kidney degeneration and hyalinization of basement membranes and Bowman's capsule were seen at 100 mg/kg/day and above. In the 12-month eye toxicity study in dogs, Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) occurred at oral doses of 40 mg/kg/day and above. The oral preclinical studies were done with a highly bioavailable suspension where absorption throughout the gastrointestinal tract occurred.
Package label principal display panel
The content of the principal display panel of the product package, usually including the product’s name, dosage forms, and other key information about the drug product.PACKAGE/LABEL PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 45802-929-49 Rx Only Mesalamine Rectal Suspension, USP Enema 4g/60 mL Unit-Dose For Rectal Use Only SHAKE WELL BEFORE USING 4 (7 X 60 mL UNIT-DOSE BOTTLES) KITS The following image is a placeholder representing the product identifier that is either affixed or imprinted on the drug package label during the packaging operation. carton serialization-template.jpg
Mesalamine: Information for patients
Information necessary for patients to use the drug safely and effectively, such as precautions concerning driving or the concomitant use of other substances that may have harmful additive effects.17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Instructions for Use). Renal Impairment Inform patients that mesalamine rectal suspension enema may decrease their renal function, especially if they have known renal impairment or are taking nephrotoxic drugs, and periodic monitoring of renal function will be performed while they are on therapy. Advise patients to complete all blood tests ordered by their healthcare provider [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] . Mesalamine-Induced Acute Intolerance Syndrome and Other Hypersensitivity Reactions Instruct patients to stop taking mesalamine rectal suspension enema and report to their healthcare provider if they experience new or worsening symptoms of acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, headache, and rash) or other symptoms suggestive of mesalamine-induced hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 , 5.3 )] . Hepatic Failure Advise patients with known liver disease to contact their healthcare provider if they experience signs or symptoms of worsening liver function [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] . Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Instruct patients to stop taking mesalamine rectal suspension enema and report to their healthcare provider at first appearance of a severe cutaneous adverse reaction or other sign of hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] . Photosensitivity Advise patients with pre-existing skin conditions to avoid sun exposure, wear protective clothing, and use a broad-spectrum sunscreen when outdoors [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] . Nephrolithiasis Instruct patients to drink an adequate amount of fluids during treatment in order to minimize the risk of kidney stone formation and to contact their healthcare provider if they experience signs or symptoms of a kidney stone (e.g., severe side or back pain, blood in the urine) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] . Blood Disorders Inform elderly patients and those taking azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine of the risk for blood disorders and the need for periodic monitoring of complete blood cell counts and platelet counts while on therapy. Advise patients to complete all blood tests ordered by their healthcare provider [see Drug Interactions ( 7.2 ), Use in Specific Populations ( 8.5 )] . Administration Advise patients that mesalamine rectal suspension enema will cause staining of direct contact surfaces, including but not limited to fabrics, flooring, painted surfaces, marble, granite, vinyl, and enamel. Administer the product in a suitable location. Instruct patients: • Shake the bottle to ensure the suspension is homogeneous. • Remove the protective sheath from the applicator tip. • Lie on the left side with the lower leg extended and the upper right leg flexed forward for balance. Alternatively, get in the knee-chest position. • Gently insert the applicator tip in the rectum pointing toward the umbilicus. • Steadily squeeze the bottle to discharge the medication. • Administer at bedtime with the objective of retaining it all night. • Drink an adequate amount of fluids during treatment [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] . • Advise patients that urine may become discolored reddish-brown while taking mesalamine rectal suspension enema when it comes in contact with surfaces or water treated with hypochlorite-containing bleach. If discolored urine is observed, advise patients to observe their urine flow. Report to the healthcare provider only if urine is discolored on leaving the body, before contact with any surface or water (e.g., in the toilet). Manufactured by Padagis ® , Yeruham, Israel www.padagis.com Rev 08-24 2N900 RC PH15
Instructions for use
Information about safe handling and use of the drug product.INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE Mesalamine [me-SAL-a-meen] rectal suspension enema This Instructions for Use contains information on how to use mesalamine rectal suspension enema. Read these Instructions for Use that come with your mesalamine rectal suspension enema before you start using it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or your treatment. How should I store mesalamine rectal suspension enema? • Store mesalamine rectal suspension enema at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C). • Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is an off-white to tan colored suspension. The medicine removed from the foil pouch may darken with time. Slight darkening will not affect how well mesalamine rectal suspension enema works. • Throw away mesalamine rectal suspension enema with dark brown medicine. • Keep mesalamine rectal suspension enema and all medicines out of the reach of children. Important information you need to know before using mesalamine rectal suspension enema • Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is for rectal use only. • Do not share mesalamine rectal suspension enema with other people, it may harm them. • If a caregiver is giving mesalamine rectal suspension enema make sure they read and understand these Instructions for Use. • Use mesalamine rectal suspension enema exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to use it. • It is recommended to use 1 mesalamine rectal suspension enema bottle each day. • After the foil wrapped unit of 7 bottles is opened, use each bottle of mesalamine rectal suspension enema right away. • Empty bowels right before the medicine is given. • Give at bedtime. • Mesalamine rectal suspension enema will stain some surfaces including but not limited to fabrics, flooring, painted surfaces, marble, granite, vinyl, and enamel. Take care in choosing the right place for giving the mesalamine rectal suspension enema. Preparing to use mesalamine rectal suspension enema Step 1. Remove the bottles. • Remove all the bottles from the protective foil pouch by grasping at the seam and tearing downward or by using scissors at the top of the foil pouch (See Figure A). • Be careful not to squeeze or puncture bottles. Step 2. Prepare to give the medicine. • Shake the first bottle well to make sure that the medicine is mixed well. • Remove the protective sheath from the applicator tip. Hold the bottle at the neck so as not to cause any of the medicine to be released (See Figure B). Step 3. Get in position. • Lay on your left side with your left leg extended and your right leg flexed forward for balance (See Figure C). or • Get in the knee-chest position as shown here (See Figure D). Step 4. Giving the medicine. • Lubricate the applicator tip. • Gently insert the lubricated applicator tip into the rectum pointing slightly toward the belly button (navel) to prevent damage to the rectal wall. • Grasp the bottle firmly, then tilt slightly so that the nozzle is aimed toward the back. • Squeeze the bottle slowly to release the medicine into the rectum (See Figure E). • Steady hand pressure will release most of the medicine. • After giving the medicine, withdraw the applicator tip. • Remain in position for at least 30 minutes to allow the medicine to spread inside the body. • Throw away (discard) the bottle. • Try to keep the medicine inside your body all night, if possible. Manufactured by Padagis ® Yeruham, Israel www.padagis.com Rev 08-24 2N900 RC PH15 figure A figure B figure C figure D figure E
Clinical studies
This field may contain references to clinical studies in place of detailed discussion in other sections of the labeling.14 CLINICAL STUDIES In a 6-week placebo-controlled trial, international, multicenter trial of 153 patients with active distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis or proctitis, mesalamine rectal suspension enema reduced the overall disease activity index (DAI) and individual components as follows: EFFECT OF TREATMENT ON SEVERITY OF DISEASE DATA FROM U.S.-CANADA TRIAL COMBINED RESULTS OF EIGHT CENTERS Activity Indices, mean N Baseline Day 22 End Point Change Baseline to End Point* Overall DAI Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema 76 7.42 4.05 † 3.37 ‡ -55.07% ‡ Placebo 77 7.40 6.03 5.83 -21.58% Stool Frequency Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema 1.58 1.11 § 1.01 † -0.57 § Placebo 1.92 1.47 1.50 -0.41 Rectal Bleeding Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema 1.82 0.59 ‡ 0.51 ‡ -1.30 ‡ Placebo 1.73 1.21 1.11 -0.61 Mucosal Inflammation Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema 2.17 1.22 † 0.96 ‡ -1.21 † Placebo 2.18 1.74 1.61 -0.56 Physician’s Assessment of Disease Severity Mesalamine Rectal Suspension Enema 1.86 1.13 ‡ 0.88 ‡ -0.97 ‡ Placebo 1.87 1.62 1.55 -0.30 Each parameter has a 4-point scale with a numerical rating: 0 = normal, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe. The four parameters are added together to produce a maximum overall DAI of 12. * Percent change for overall DAI only (calculated by taking the average of the change for each individual patient). † Significant mesalamine rectal suspension enema /placebo difference. p < 0.01 ‡ Significant mesalamine rectal suspension enema /placebo difference. p < 0.001 § Significant mesalamine rectal suspension enema /placebo difference. p < 0.05 Differences between mesalamine rectal suspension enema and placebo were also statistically different in subgroups of patients on concurrent sulfasalazine and in those having an upper disease boundary between 5 and 20 or 20 and 40 cm. Significant differences between mesalamine rectal suspension enema and placebo were not achieved in those subgroups of patients on concurrent prednisone or with an upper disease boundary between 40 and 50 cm.
Geriatric use
Information about any limitations on any geriatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in the geriatric population.8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical trials of mesalamine rectal suspension enema did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. Reports from uncontrolled clinical studies and postmarketing reporting systems suggested a higher incidence of blood dyscrasias (i.e., agranulocytosis, neutropenia and pancytopenia) in patients receiving mesalamine-containing products such as mesalamine rectal suspension enema who were 65 years or older compared to younger adult patients, which may also be associated with ulcerative colitis, use of interacting drugs, or reduced renal function. Consider monitoring complete blood cell counts and platelet counts in patients 65 years and over during treatment with mesalamine rectal suspension enema. In general, consider the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concurrent disease or other drug therapy in patients 65 years and over when prescribing mesalamine rectal suspension enema.
Pediatric use
Information about any limitations on any pediatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in any subsets of the pediatric population (such as neonates, infants, children, or adolescents), differences between pediatric and adult responses to the drug, and other information related to the safe and effective pediatric use of the drug.8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Pregnancy
Information about effects the drug may have on pregnant women or on a fetus. This field may be ommitted if the drug is not absorbed systemically and the drug is not known to have a potential for indirect harm to the fetus. It may contain information about the established pregnancy category classification for the drug. (That information is nominally listed in the teratogenic_effects field, but may be listed here instead.)8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Published data from meta-analyses, cohort studies and case series on the use of mesalamine during pregnancy have not reliably informed an association with mesalamine and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see Data) . There are adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes associated with ulcerative colitis in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies, rats and rabbits administered mesalamine during organogenesis at oral doses up to 5 and 8 times the maximum recommended human dose, respectively, did not reveal any evidence of harm to the embryo or the fetus (see Data) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and embryo/fetal risk Published data suggest that increased disease activity is associated with the risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with ulcerative colitis. Adverse pregnancy outcomes include preterm delivery (before 37 weeks of gestation), low birth weight (less than 2500 g) infants, and small for gestational age at birth. Data Human Data Published data from meta-analyses, cohort studies and case series on the use of mesalamine, the active moiety of mesalamine rectal suspension enema, during early pregnancy (first trimester) and throughout pregnancy have not reliably informed an association of mesalamine and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. There is no clear evidence that mesalamine exposure in early pregnancy is associated with an increase risk in major congenital malformations, including cardiac malformations. Published epidemiologic studies have important methodological limitations which hinder interpretation of the data, including inability to control for confounders, such as underlying maternal disease, and maternal use of concomitant medications, and missing information on the dose and duration of use for mesalamine products. Animal Data Reproduction studies have been performed with mesalamine in rats and rabbits during organogenesis at oral doses up to 5 and 8 times respectively, the maximum recommended human dose, and have revealed no evidence of harm to the embryo or the fetus.
Use in specific populations
Information about use of the drug by patients in specific populations, including pregnant women and nursing mothers, pediatric patients, and geriatric patients.8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Geriatric Patients: Increased risk of blood dyscrasias; monitor complete blood cell counts and platelet counts. ( 8.5 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Published data from meta-analyses, cohort studies and case series on the use of mesalamine during pregnancy have not reliably informed an association with mesalamine and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see Data) . There are adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes associated with ulcerative colitis in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies, rats and rabbits administered mesalamine during organogenesis at oral doses up to 5 and 8 times the maximum recommended human dose, respectively, did not reveal any evidence of harm to the embryo or the fetus (see Data) . The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and embryo/fetal risk Published data suggest that increased disease activity is associated with the risk of developing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with ulcerative colitis. Adverse pregnancy outcomes include preterm delivery (before 37 weeks of gestation), low birth weight (less than 2500 g) infants, and small for gestational age at birth. Data Human Data Published data from meta-analyses, cohort studies and case series on the use of mesalamine, the active moiety of mesalamine rectal suspension enema, during early pregnancy (first trimester) and throughout pregnancy have not reliably informed an association of mesalamine and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. There is no clear evidence that mesalamine exposure in early pregnancy is associated with an increase risk in major congenital malformations, including cardiac malformations. Published epidemiologic studies have important methodological limitations which hinder interpretation of the data, including inability to control for confounders, such as underlying maternal disease, and maternal use of concomitant medications, and missing information on the dose and duration of use for mesalamine products. Animal Data Reproduction studies have been performed with mesalamine in rats and rabbits during organogenesis at oral doses up to 5 and 8 times respectively, the maximum recommended human dose, and have revealed no evidence of harm to the embryo or the fetus. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Data from published literature report the presence of mesalamine and its metabolite, N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in human milk in small amounts with relative infant doses (RID) of 0.1% or less for mesalamine (see Data) . There are case reports of diarrhea observed in breastfed infants exposed to mesalamine (see Clinical Considerations) . There is no information on the effects of mesalamine on milk production. The lack of clinical data during lactation precludes a clear determination of the risk of mesalamine rectal suspension enema to an infant during lactation; therefore, the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for mesalamine rectal suspension enema and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from mesalamine rectal suspension enema or from the underlying maternal condition. Clinical Considerations Advise the caregiver to monitor the breastfed infant for diarrhea. Data In published lactation studies, maternal mesalamine doses from various oral and rectal formulations and products ranged from 500 mg to 4.8 g daily. The average concentration of mesalamine in milk ranged from non-detectable to 0.5 mg/L. The average concentration of N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in milk ranged from 0.2 to 9.3 mg/L. Based on these concentrations, estimated infant daily dosages for an exclusively breastfed infant are 0 to 0.075 mg/kg/day of mesalamine (RID 0% to 0.1%) and 0.03 to 1.4 mg/kg/day of N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. 8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. 8.5 Geriatric Use Clinical trials of mesalamine rectal suspension enema did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients. Reports from uncontrolled clinical studies and postmarketing reporting systems suggested a higher incidence of blood dyscrasias (i.e., agranulocytosis, neutropenia and pancytopenia) in patients receiving mesalamine-containing products such as mesalamine rectal suspension enema who were 65 years or older compared to younger adult patients, which may also be associated with ulcerative colitis, use of interacting drugs, or reduced renal function. Consider monitoring complete blood cell counts and platelet counts in patients 65 years and over during treatment with mesalamine rectal suspension enema. In general, consider the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concurrent disease or other drug therapy in patients 65 years and over when prescribing mesalamine rectal suspension enema. 8.6 Renal Impairment Mesalamine is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Evaluate renal function in all patients prior to initiation and periodically while on mesalamine rectal suspension enema therapy. Monitor patients with known renal impairment or history of renal disease or taking nephrotoxic drugs for decreased renal function and mesalamine-related adverse reactions. Discontinue mesalamine rectal suspension enema if renal function deteriorates while on therapy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )].
How supplied
Information about the available dosage forms to which the labeling applies, and for which the manufacturer or distributor is responsible. This field ordinarily includes the strength of the dosage form (in metric units), the units in which the dosage form is available for prescribing, appropriate information to facilitate identification of the dosage forms (such as shape, color, coating, scoring, and National Drug Code), and special handling and storage condition information.16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Mesalamine Rectal Suspension, USP Enema is an off-white to tan colored suspension. Each disposable enema bottle contains 4 grams of mesalamine in 60 mL aqueous suspension. Enema bottles are supplied in boxed, foil-wrapped trays as follows: NDC 45802- 098 -51Carton of 7 Bottles NDC 45802- 098 -28Carton of 28 Bottles NDC 45802- 923 -41Combo Kit with 7 Bottles and Wipes NDC 45802- 929 -49Combo Kit with 28 Bottles and Wipes Mesalamine rectal suspension enema is for rectal use only. Storage Store at controlled room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); Excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Once the foil wrapped unit of seven bottles is opened, all enemas should be used promptly as directed by your physician. Contents of enemas removed from the foil pouch may darken with time. Slight darkening will not affect potency, however, enemas with dark brown contents should be discarded.
Disclaimer: Do not rely on openFDA or Phanrmacy Near Me to make decisions regarding medical care. While we make every effort to ensure that data is accurate, you should assume all results are unvalidated. Source: OpenFDA, Healthporta Drugs API