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| Product NDC Code | 16571-101 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug Name | Diclofenac sodium |
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| Type | Generic | ||||||
| Pharm Class | Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal [CS], Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors [MoA], Decreased Prostaglandin Production [PE], Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug [EPC] |
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| Active Ingredients |
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| Route | OPHTHALMIC | ||||||
| Dosage Form | SOLUTION/ DROPS | ||||||
| RxCUI drug identifier | 854801 | ||||||
| Application Number | ANDA078553 | ||||||
| Labeler Name | Rising Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||||||
| Packages |
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Overdosage of Diclofenac Sodium
Information about signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings of acute ovedosage and the general principles of overdose treatment.OVERDOSAGE Overdosage will not ordinarily cause acute problems. If diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution is accidentally ingested, fluids should be taken to dilute the medication.
Adverse reactions
Information about undesirable effects, reasonably associated with use of the drug, that may occur as part of the pharmacological action of the drug or may be unpredictable in its occurrence. Adverse reactions include those that occur with the drug, and if applicable, with drugs in the same pharmacologically active and chemically related class. There is considerable variation in the listing of adverse reactions. They may be categorized by organ system, by severity of reaction, by frequency, by toxicological mechanism, or by a combination of these.ADVERSE REACTIONS Clinical Practice The following reactions have been identified during postmarketing use of topical diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% in clinical practice. Because they are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, estimates of frequency cannot be made. The reactions, which have been chosen for inclusion due to either their seriousness, frequency of reporting, possible causal connection to topical diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1%, or a combination of these factors, include corneal erosion, corneal infiltrates, corneal perforation, corneal thinning, corneal ulceration and epithelilal breakdown (see PRECAUTIONS , General ). Ocular Transient burning and stinging were reported in approximately 15% of patients across studies with the use of diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% in clinical practice. In cataract surgery studies, keratitis was reported in up to 28% of patients receiving diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution although in many of these cases keratitis was initially noted prior to the initiation of treatment. Elevated intraocular pressure following cataract surgery was reported in approximately 15% of patients undergoing cataract surgery. Lacrimation complaints were reported in approximately 30% of case studies undergoing incisional refractive surgery. The following adverse reactions were reported in approximately 5% or less of the patients: abnormal vision, acute elevated IOP, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, corneal deposits, corneal edema, corneal opacity, corneal lesions, discharge, eyelid swelling, eye pain, injection, iritis, irritation, itching, lacrimation disorder, and ocular allergy. Systemic The following adverse reactions were reported in 3% or less of the patients: abdominal pain, asthenia, chills, dizziness, facial edema, fever, headache, insomnia, nausea, pain, rhinitis, viral infection and vomiting. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Rising Pharmaceuticals, Inc., at 1-866-562-4597 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Clinical pharmacology
Information about the clinical pharmacology and actions of the drug in humans.CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Pharmacodynamics Diclofenac sodium is one of a series of phenylacetic acids that has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in pharmacological studies. It is thought to inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is essential in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Animal Studies Prostaglandins have been shown in many animal models to be mediators of certain kinds of intraocular inflammation. In studies performed in animal eyes, prostaglandins have been shown to produce disruption of the blood-aqueous humor barrier, vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, leukocytosis, and increased intraocular pressure. Pharmacokinetics Results from a bioavailability study established that plasma levels of diclofenac following ocular instillation of two drops of Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% to each eye were below the limit of quantification (10 ng/mL) over a 4-hour period. This study suggests that limited, if any, systemic absorption occurs with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution. Clinical Trials Postoperative Anti-Inflammatory Effects In two double-masked, controlled, efficacy studies of postoperative inflammation, a total of 206 cataract patients were treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution and 103 patients were treated with vehicle placebo. Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution was favored over vehicle placebo over a 2-week period for the clinical assessments of inflammation as measured by anterior chamber cells and flare. In double-masked, controlled studies of corneal refractive surgery (radial keratotomy (RK) and laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)) patients were treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution and/or vehicle placebo. The efficacy of Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% given before and shortly after surgery was favored over vehicle placebo during the 6-hour period following surgery for the clinical assessments of pain and photophobia. Patients were permitted to use a hydrogel soft contact lens with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution for up to three days after PRK.
Pharmacodynamics
Information about any biochemical or physiologic pharmacologic effects of the drug or active metabolites related to the drugÕs clinical effect in preventing, diagnosing, mitigating, curing, or treating disease, or those related to adverse effects or toxicity.Pharmacodynamics Diclofenac sodium is one of a series of phenylacetic acids that has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in pharmacological studies. It is thought to inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which is essential in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins.
Pharmacokinetics
Information about the clinically significant pharmacokinetics of a drug or active metabolites, for instance pertinent absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters.Pharmacokinetics Results from a bioavailability study established that plasma levels of diclofenac following ocular instillation of two drops of Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% to each eye were below the limit of quantification (10 ng/mL) over a 4-hour period. This study suggests that limited, if any, systemic absorption occurs with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution.
Contraindications
Information about situations in which the drug product is contraindicated or should not be used because the risk of use clearly outweighs any possible benefit, including the type and nature of reactions that have been reported.CONTRAINDICATIONS Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to any component of the medication.
Description
General information about the drug product, including the proprietary and established name of the drug, the type of dosage form and route of administration to which the label applies, qualitative and quantitative ingredient information, the pharmacologic or therapeutic class of the drug, and the chemical name and structural formula of the drug.DESCRIPTION Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% is a sterile, topical, nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory product for ophthalmic use. Diclofenac sodium is designated chemically as 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino] benzeneacetic acid, monosodium salt, with an empirical formula of C 14 H 10 Cl l2 NO 2 Na. The structural formula of diclofenac sodium is: Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution is available as a sterile solution which contains diclofenac sodium 0.1% (1mg/mL). Inactive Ingredients: polyoxyl 35 castor oil, Boric acid, tromethamine, sorbic acid (2 mg/mL), edetate disodium (1 mg/mL), and purified water for injection. Diclofenac sodium is a faintly yellow-white to light beige, slightly hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is freely soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in water, very slightly soluble in acetonitrile, and insoluble in chloroform and in 0.1N hydrochloric acid. Its molecular weight is 318.14. Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% is an iso osmotic solution with an osmolality of about 300 mOsmol/1000 g, buffered at approximately pH 7.2. Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution has a faint characteristic odor of castor oil. structure
Dosage and administration
Information about the drug product’s dosage and administration recommendations, including starting dose, dose range, titration regimens, and any other clinically sigificant information that affects dosing recommendations.DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Cataract Surgery One drop of diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution should be applied to the affected eye, 4 times daily beginning 24 hours after cataract surgery and continuing through the first 2 weeks of the postoperative period. Corneal Refractive Surgery One or two drops of diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution should be applied to the operative eye within the hour prior to corneal refractive surgery. Within 15 minutes after surgery, one or two drops should be applied to the operative eye and continued 4 times daily for up to 3 days.
Indications and usage
A statement of each of the drug products indications for use, such as for the treatment, prevention, mitigation, cure, or diagnosis of a disease or condition, or of a manifestation of a recognized disease or condition, or for the relief of symptoms associated with a recognized disease or condition. This field may also describe any relevant limitations of use.INDICATIONS AND USAGE Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction and for the temporary relief of pain and photophobia in patients undergoing corneal refractive surgery.
Spl product data elements
Usually a list of ingredients in a drug product.Diclofenac Sodium Diclofenac Sodium DICLOFENAC SODIUM DICLOFENAC SORBIC ACID WATER EDETIC ACID
Carcinogenesis and mutagenesis and impairment of fertility
Information about carcinogenic, mutagenic, or fertility impairment potential revealed by studies in animals. Information from human data about such potential is part of the warnings field.Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats given diclofenac in oral doses up to 2mg/kg/day (approximately 500 times the human topical ophthalmic dose) revealed no significant increases in tumor incidence. A 2-year carcinogenicity study conducted in mice employing oral diclofenac up to 2 mg/kg/day did not reveal any oncogenic potential. Diclofenac did not show mutagenic potential in various mutagenicity studies including the Ames test. Diclofenac administered to male and female rats at 4 mg/kg/day (approximately 1000 times the human topical ophthalmic dose) did not affect fertility.
Package label principal display panel
The content of the principal display panel of the product package, usually including the product’s name, dosage forms, and other key information about the drug product.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 16571-101-25 DICLOFENAC SODIUM OPHTHALMIC SOLUTION 0.1% FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION IN THE EYE (2.5 mL) Sterile Rx Only label
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 16571-101-50 DICLOFENAC SODIUM OPHTHALMIC SOLUTION 0.1% FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION IN THE EYE (5 mL) Sterile Rx Only label
Spl unclassified section
Information not classified as belonging to one of the other fields. Approximately 40% of labeling with effective_time between June 2009 and August 2014 have information in this field.Diclofenac Sodium Ophthalmic Solution 0.1% Sterile
Diclofenac Sodium: Information for patients
Information necessary for patients to use the drug safely and effectively, such as precautions concerning driving or the concomitant use of other substances that may have harmful additive effects.Information for Patients Except for the use of a bandage hydrogel soft contact lens during the first 3 days following refractive surgery, diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution should not be used by patients currently wearing soft contact lenses due to adverse events that have occurred in other circumstances.
Clinical studies
This field may contain references to clinical studies in place of detailed discussion in other sections of the labeling.Clinical Trials Postoperative Anti-Inflammatory Effects In two double-masked, controlled, efficacy studies of postoperative inflammation, a total of 206 cataract patients were treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution and 103 patients were treated with vehicle placebo. Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution was favored over vehicle placebo over a 2-week period for the clinical assessments of inflammation as measured by anterior chamber cells and flare. In double-masked, controlled studies of corneal refractive surgery (radial keratotomy (RK) and laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)) patients were treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution and/or vehicle placebo. The efficacy of Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% given before and shortly after surgery was favored over vehicle placebo during the 6-hour period following surgery for the clinical assessments of pain and photophobia. Patients were permitted to use a hydrogel soft contact lens with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution for up to three days after PRK.
Geriatric use
Information about any limitations on any geriatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in the geriatric population.Geriatric Use No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between elderly and younger adult patients.
Pediatric use
Information about any limitations on any pediatric indications, needs for specific monitoring, hazards associated with use of the drug in any subsets of the pediatric population (such as neonates, infants, children, or adolescents), differences between pediatric and adult responses to the drug, and other information related to the safe and effective pediatric use of the drug.Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Pregnancy
Information about effects the drug may have on pregnant women or on a fetus. This field may be ommitted if the drug is not absorbed systemically and the drug is not known to have a potential for indirect harm to the fetus. It may contain information about the established pregnancy category classification for the drug. (That information is nominally listed in the teratogenic_effects field, but may be listed here instead.)PREGNANCY Teratogenic Effects Pregnancy Category C. Reproduction studies performed in mice at oral doses up to 5,000 times (20 mg/kg/day) and in rats and rabbits at oral doses up to 2,500 times (10 mg/kg/day) the human topical dose have revealed no evidence of teratogenicity due to diclofenac despite the induction of maternal toxicity and fetal toxicity. In rats, maternally toxic doses were associated with dystocia, prolonged gestation, reduced fetal weights and growth, and reduced fetal survival. Diclofenac has been shown to cross the placental barrier in mice and rats. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Non-teratogenic Effects Because of the known effects of prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibiting drugs on the fetal cardiovascular system (closure of ductus arteriosus), the use of diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution during late pregnancy should be avoided.
How supplied
Information about the available dosage forms to which the labeling applies, and for which the manufacturer or distributor is responsible. This field ordinarily includes the strength of the dosage form (in metric units), the units in which the dosage form is available for prescribing, appropriate information to facilitate identification of the dosage forms (such as shape, color, coating, scoring, and National Drug Code), and special handling and storage condition information.HOW SUPPLIED Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution, 0.1% (1 mg/mL) Sterile Solution is supplied in a Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) squeeze bottle with a LDPE dropper and a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) closure in the following sizes: Bottles of 2.5 mL NDC 16571-101-25 Bottles of 5 mL NDC 16571-101-50 Store at 20°-25°C (68° to 77°F); [See USP Controlled Room Temperature] Protect from light. Dispense in original container. Do not use if seal on the bottle is broken. Rx only Manufactured in India for: Rising Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Allendale, NJ 07401 Distributed by: Pack Pharmaceuticals, LLC Allendale, NJ 07401
General precautions
Information about any special care to be exercised for safe and effective use of the drug.General All topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may slow or delay healing. Topical corticosteroids are also known to slow or delay healing. Concomitant use of topical NSAIDs and topical steroids may increase the potential for healing problems. Use of topical NSAIDs may result in keratitis. In some susceptible patients continued use of topical NSAIDs may result in epithelial breakdown, corneal thinning, corneal infiltrates, corneal erosion, corneal ulceration, and corneal perforation. These events may be sight-threatening. Patients with evidence of corneal epithelial breakdown should immediately discontinue use of topical NSAIDs and should be closely monitored for corneal health. Postmarketing experience with topical NSAIDs suggests that patients experiencing complicated ocular surgeries, corneal denervation, corneal epithelial defects, diabetes mellitus, ocular surface disease (e.g., dry eye syndrome), rheumatoid arthritis, or repeat ocular surgeries within a short period of time may be at increased risk for corneal adverse events, which may become sight-threatening. Topical NSAIDs should be used with caution in these patients. Postmarketing experience with topical NSAIDs also suggests that use more than 24 hours prior to surgery or use beyond 14 days postsurgery may increase patient risk for occurrence and severity of corneal adverse events. It is recommended that diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution like other NSAIDs, be used with caution in patients with known bleeding tendencies or who are receiving other medications which may prolong bleeding time. Results from clinical studies indicate that Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution has no significant effect upon ocular pressure. However, elevations in intraocular pressure may occur following cataract surgery.
Precautions
Information about any special care to be exercised for safe and effective use of the drug.PRECAUTIONS General All topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may slow or delay healing. Topical corticosteroids are also known to slow or delay healing. Concomitant use of topical NSAIDs and topical steroids may increase the potential for healing problems. Use of topical NSAIDs may result in keratitis. In some susceptible patients continued use of topical NSAIDs may result in epithelial breakdown, corneal thinning, corneal infiltrates, corneal erosion, corneal ulceration, and corneal perforation. These events may be sight-threatening. Patients with evidence of corneal epithelial breakdown should immediately discontinue use of topical NSAIDs and should be closely monitored for corneal health. Postmarketing experience with topical NSAIDs suggests that patients experiencing complicated ocular surgeries, corneal denervation, corneal epithelial defects, diabetes mellitus, ocular surface disease (e.g., dry eye syndrome), rheumatoid arthritis, or repeat ocular surgeries within a short period of time may be at increased risk for corneal adverse events, which may become sight-threatening. Topical NSAIDs should be used with caution in these patients. Postmarketing experience with topical NSAIDs also suggests that use more than 24 hours prior to surgery or use beyond 14 days postsurgery may increase patient risk for occurrence and severity of corneal adverse events. It is recommended that diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution like other NSAIDs, be used with caution in patients with known bleeding tendencies or who are receiving other medications which may prolong bleeding time. Results from clinical studies indicate that Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution has no significant effect upon ocular pressure. However, elevations in intraocular pressure may occur following cataract surgery. Information for Patients Except for the use of a bandage hydrogel soft contact lens during the first 3 days following refractive surgery, diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution should not be used by patients currently wearing soft contact lenses due to adverse events that have occurred in other circumstances. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats given diclofenac in oral doses up to 2mg/kg/day (approximately 500 times the human topical ophthalmic dose) revealed no significant increases in tumor incidence. A 2-year carcinogenicity study conducted in mice employing oral diclofenac up to 2 mg/kg/day did not reveal any oncogenic potential. Diclofenac did not show mutagenic potential in various mutagenicity studies including the Ames test. Diclofenac administered to male and female rats at 4 mg/kg/day (approximately 1000 times the human topical ophthalmic dose) did not affect fertility. Geriatric Use No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between elderly and younger adult patients. PREGNANCY Teratogenic Effects Pregnancy Category C. Reproduction studies performed in mice at oral doses up to 5,000 times (20 mg/kg/day) and in rats and rabbits at oral doses up to 2,500 times (10 mg/kg/day) the human topical dose have revealed no evidence of teratogenicity due to diclofenac despite the induction of maternal toxicity and fetal toxicity. In rats, maternally toxic doses were associated with dystocia, prolonged gestation, reduced fetal weights and growth, and reduced fetal survival. Diclofenac has been shown to cross the placental barrier in mice and rats. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Non-teratogenic Effects Because of the known effects of prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibiting drugs on the fetal cardiovascular system (closure of ductus arteriosus), the use of diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution during late pregnancy should be avoided. Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Warnings
Information about serious adverse reactions and potential safety hazards, including limitations in use imposed by those hazards and steps that should be taken if they occur.WARNINGS The refractive stability of patients undergoing corneal refractive procedures and treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution has not been established. Patients should be monitored for a year following use in this setting. With some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there exists the potential for increased bleeding time due to interference with thrombocyte aggregation. There have been reports that ocularly applied nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may cause increased bleeding of ocular tissues (including hyphemas) in conjunction with ocular surgery. There is the potential for cross-sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid, phenylacetic acid derivatives, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, caution should be used when treating individuals who have previously exhibited sensitivities to these drugs.
Disclaimer: Do not rely on openFDA or Phanrmacy Near Me to make decisions regarding medical care. While we make every effort to ensure that data is accurate, you should assume all results are unvalidated. Source: OpenFDA, Healthporta Drugs API